C Task Materials of Initial PHASE1 and Final PHASE3 Phases
Phase 1 was conducted at the beginning of the semester, and Phase 3 was conducted at the end of the semester.
C.1 Pre-Task Questionnaire (for PHASE1 and PHASE3)
(The following items are adapted from Collins-Thompson et al. (2016).)
- How much do you know about this topic? 
 (1) nothing | I know a lot (5)
- How interested are you to learn more about this topic? 
 (1) not at all | very much (5)
- How difficult do you think it will be to search for information about this topic? 
 (1) very easy | very difficult (5)
(The following items are adapted from Crescenzi (2020).)
Indicate your agreement with the following statements.
(1) Strongly Disagree | Neutral | Strongly Agree (5)
- I am interested to learn more about the topic of this task. 
- I know a lot about this topic. 
- I can write a good summary now without needing to look for information. 
- It will be difficult to determine when I have enough information to write my summary. 
- I think this will be a difficult task. 
- I am confident I know (or can find) adequate information to write a good summary. 
C.2 Post-Task Questionnaire (for SES1 and SES3)
(The following items are adapted from Collins-Thompson et al. (2016).)
Indicate your agreement with the following statements.
(1) Not at all | Unlikely | Somewhat | Likely | Very Likely (5)
Search for information exploration:
- I was cognitively engaged in search task.
- I made an effort at performing the search task.
- The time for search was spent productively on meaningful tasks.
- I was able to explore relationships among multiple concepts.
- I was able to expand the scope of my knowledge about the topic.
- I feel that I was able to put together pieces of information into one big concept.
Learner interest and motivation:
- I feel that I have full understanding of the topic of this task 
- I became more interested in this topic. 
- I would like to find more information about this topic 
- I would like to share what I learned with my people I know. 
- I feel that I learned useful information as a result of this search. 
- I was able to develop new ideas or perspectives. 
Perceived learning and search success:
On a scale of 0 - 100
- How would you grade your learning outcome? 
- How would you grade your search outcome? 
(The following items are adapted from Crescenzi (2020).)
Indicate your agreement with the following statements.
(1) Strongly Disagree | Neutral | Strongly Agree (5)
- Overall, it was difficult to search for information to make the summary. 
- It was difficult to determine search terms to use to find relevant information. 
- It was difficult to decide whether to continue inspecting the search results or to search again. 
- It was difficult to choose which search results to view. 
- It was difficult to determine when to stop looking for information. 
- I would have preferred to think longer about my summary. 
- If I had more time, I would have considered more information. 
- I felt anxious while completing this task. 
- I did not have enough time. 
- It was difficult to decide which sources to select. 
- I felt hurried or rushed during this task. 
- I had adequate information to make a good summary. 
- I felt I had enough information. 
- My understanding of the topic was no longer changing. 
- I collected enough information to make a summary. 
- I was no longer learning about the topic. 
- I felt I had adequate information to make a summary. 
- I was focused on getting information about one thing. 
- I felt continuing the search was a waste of time, as the same information was showing up. 
- I had a list of certain things I was interested in. 
- I stopped searching because I was not finding new information. 
- I stopped searching when I had an option that satisfied the things that were important to me. 
- I only considered looking for the piece of information most important to me. 
- I kept finding the same information in every search. 
- My view of the topic was no longer changing. 
- I was most concerned about finding information on one specific aspect.